Model-wise bibliographic style files

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This is a quick reference guide which helps authors to choose the appropriate template and bibliography style file (.bst) according to the journal specific instructions for preparing manuscripts. This guide contains the following:

• Name of reference model
• Citation format of each model
• Name of the template to be used
• Name of the bibliography style file to be used
• Examples of bibitem listing of three major types, viz., article, book and edited book
• Advantages of using Bib database.

What the authors need to do is to understand the citation and bibliography patterns of a particular journal from Elsevier's author instructions page and choose the appropriate template and .bst file from the following.

Model 1 - Numbered

Citation

"... as demonstrated [1,2]. Mettam and Adams [3] obtained a different result ..."

Bib style file

model1-num-names.bst

Template

elsarticle-template-1-num.tex

Reference to a journal publication:

[1] J. van der Geer, J.A.J. Hanraads, R.A. Lupton, The art of writing a scientific article, J. Sci. Commun. 163 (2000) 51–59.

Reference to a book:

[2] W. Strunk Jr., E.B. White, The Elements of Style, third ed., Macmillan, New York, 1979.

Reference to a chapter in an edited book:

[3] G.R. Mettam, L.B. Adams, How to prepare an electronic version of your article, in: B.S. Jones, R.Z. Smith (Eds.), Introduction to the Electronic Age, E-Publishing Inc., New York, 1999, pp. 281–304.

Model 1a - Numbered

Citation

"... as demonstrated [1,2]. Mettam and Adams [3] obtained a different result ..."

Bib style file

model1a-num-names.bst

Template

elsarticle-template-1a-num.tex

Reference to a journal publication:

[1] J. van der Geer, J.A.J. Hanraads, R.A. Lupton, J. Sci. Commun. 163 (2000) 51–59.

Reference to a book:

[2] W. Strunk Jr., E.B. White, The Elements of Style, third ed., Macmillan, New York, 1979.

Reference to a chapter in an edited book:

[3] G.R. Mettam, L.B. Adams, in: B.S. Jones, R.Z. Smith (Eds.), Introduction to the Electronic Age, E-Publishing, Inc., New York, 1994, pp. 281–304.

Model 1b - Numbered

Citation

"... as demonstrated [1,2]. Mettam and Adams [3] obtained a different result ..."

Bib style file

model1b-num-names.bst

Template

elsarticle-template-1b-num.tex

Reference to a journal publication:

[1] J. van der Geer, J.A.J. Hanraads, R.A. Lupton, The art of writing a scientific article, J. Sci. Commun. 163 (2000) 51–59.

Reference to a book:

[2] W. Strunk Jr., E.B. White, The Elements of Style, third ed., Macmillan, New York, 1979.

Reference to a chapter in an edited book:

[3] G.R. Mettam, L.B. Adams, How to prepare an electronic version of your article, in: B.S. Jones, R.Z. Smith (Eds.), Introduction to the Electronic Age, E-Publishing Inc., New York, 1999, pp. 281–304.

Model 1c - Numbered

Citation

"... as demonstrated [1,2]. Mettam and Adams [3] obtained a different result ..."

Bib style file

model1c-num-names.bst

Template

elsarticle-template-1c-num.tex

Reference to a journal publication:

[1] J. van der Geer, J.A.J. Hanraads, R.A. Lupton, J. Sci. Commun. 163 (2000) 51–59.

Reference to a book:

[2] W. Strunk Jr., E.B. White, The Elements of Style, third ed., Macmillan, New York, 1979.

Reference to a chapter in an edited book:

[3] G.R. Mettam, L.B. Adams, in: B.S. Jones, R.Z. Smith (Eds.), Introduction to the Electronic Age, E-Publishing Inc., New York, 1999, pp. 281–304.

Model 2 - Name & year

Citation

"... as demonstrated (Van der Geer, 2000). Mettam and Adams (1999) obtained a different result ..."

Bib style file

model2-names.bst

Template

elsarticle-template-2-harv.tex

Reference to a journal publication:

Van der Geer, J., Hanraads, J.A.J., Lupton, R.A., 2000. The art of writing a scientific article. J. Sci. Commun. 163, 51–59.

Reference to a book:

Strunk Jr., W., White, E.B., 1979. The Elements of Style, third ed. Macmillan, New York.

Reference to a chapter in an edited book:

Mettam, G.R., Adams, L.B. , 1999. How to prepare an electronic version of your article, in: Jones, B.S., Smith, R.Z. (Eds.), Introduction to the Electronic Age. E- Publishing Inc., New York, pp. 281–304.

Model 3 - Numbered

Citation

"... as demonstrated [1,2]. Mettam and Adams [3] obtained a different result ..."

Bib style file

model3-num-names.bst

Template

elsarticle-template-3-num.tex

Note

numcompress.sty has been loaded in the template with nodots option to shorten the lastpage and remove dots from firstname. If you are not using the above template file which we provide, then you have to load the package in the following format:

<geshi lang="latex">

\usepackage[nodots]{numcompress}

</geshi>

Reference to a journal publication:

[1] Van der Geer J, Hanraads JAJ, Lupton RA. The art of writing a scientific article. J Sci Commun 2000;163:51–9.

Reference to a book:

[2] Strunk Jr W, White EB. The elements of style. 3rd ed. New York: Macmillan; 1979.

Reference to a chapter in an edited book:

[3] Mettam GR, Adams LB. How to prepare an electronic version of your article. In: Jones BS, Smith RZ, editors. Introduction to the electronic age. New York: E- Publishing Inc; 1999, p. 281–304.

Model 3a - Numbered

Citation

"... as demonstrated^1,2. Mettam and Adams^3 obtained a different result ..." (indicate reference numbers by superscripts)

Bib style file

model3a-num-names.bst

Template

elsarticle-template-3a-num.tex

Note

numcompress.sty has been loaded in the template with nodots,nocompress options to remove dots from firstname and not to shorten the lastpage (default is shorten the lastpage). If you are not using the above template file which we provide, then you have to load the package in the following format:

<geshi lang="latex">

\usepackage[nodots,nocompress]{numcompress}

</geshi>

Reference to a journal publication:

1. Van der Geer J, Hanraads JAJ, Lupton RA. The art of writing a scientific article. J Sci Commun 2000;163:51–9.

Reference to a book:

2. Strunk Jr W, White EB. The elements of style. 3rd ed. New York: Macmillan; 1979.

Reference to a chapter in an edited book:

3. Mettam GR, Adams LB. How to prepare an electronic version of your article. In: Jones BS, Smith RZ, editors. Introduction to the electronic age. New York: E- Publishing Inc; 1999, p. 281–304.

Model 4 - Name & year

Citation

"... as demonstrated (Van der Geer, 2000). Mettam and Adams (1999) obtained a different result ..."

Bib style file

model4-names.bst

Template

elsarticle-template-4-harv.tex

Note

numcompress.sty has been loaded in the template with nodots option to shorten the lastpage and remove dots from firstname. If you are not using the above template file which we provide, then you have to load the package in the following format:

<geshi lang="latex">

\usepackage[nodots]{numcompress}

</geshi>

Reference to a journal publication:

Van der Geer J, Hanraads JAJ, Lupton RA. The art of writing a scientific article. J Sci Commun 2000;163:51–9.

Reference to a book:

Strunk Jr W, White EB. The elements of style. 3rd ed. New York: Macmillan, 1979.

Reference to a chapter in an edited book:

Mettam GR, Adams LB. How to prepare an electronic version of your article. In: Jones BS, Smith RZ, editors. Introduction to the electronic age. New York: E-Publishing Inc.; 1994. p. 281–304.

Model 5 - Name & year

Citation

"... as demonstrated (Van der Geer, 2000). Mettam & Adams (1999) obtained a different result ..."

Bib style file

model5-names.bst

Template

elsarticle-template-5-harv.tex

Reference to a journal publication:

Van der Geer, J., Hanraads, J. A. J., & Lupton R. A. (2000). The art of writing a scientific article. Journal of Scientific Communications, 163, 51–59.

Reference to a book:

Strunk, W., Jr., & White, E. B. (1979). The elements of style. (3rd ed.). New York: Macmillan, (Chapter 4).

Reference to a chapter in an edited book:

Mettam, G. R., & Adams, L. B. (1994). How to prepare an electronic version of your article. In B. S. Jones, & R. Z. Smith (Eds.), Introduction to the electronic age (pp. 281–304). New York: E-Publishing Inc.

Model 6 - Numbered

Citation

``... as demonstrated.^1,2. Mettam and Adams^3 obtained a different result ... (indicate reference numbers by superscripts)

Bib style file

model6-num-names.bst

Template

elsarticle-template-6-num.tex

Note

numcompress.sty has been loaded in the template with nodots,nocompress options to remove dots from firstname and not to shorten the lastpage (default is shorten the lastpage). If you are not using the above template file which we provide, then you have to load the package in the following format:

<geshi lang="latex">

\usepackage[nodots,nocompress]{numcompress}

</geshi>

Reference to a journal publication:

1. Van der Geer J, Hanraads JAJ, Lupton RA. The art of writing a scientific article. J Sci Commun. 2000;163:51–59.

Reference to a book:

2. Strunk W Jr, White EB. The Elements of Style. 3rd ed. New York, NY: Macmillan; 1979.

Reference to a chapter in an edited book:

3. Mettam GR, Adams LB. How to prepare an electronic version of your article. In: Jones BS, Smith RZ, eds. Introduction to the Electronic Age. New York, NY: E- Publishing Inc; 1999:281–304.

Why should authors use Bib database?

There are many advantages if authors make use of Bib database and provide it along with manuscript. Authors who do not know what BibTeX and Bib database are, please visit the following URL:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BibTeX

Following are the advantages of using Bib database:

Easy formatting

No manual work needed for journal specific formatting of bibitems like the following:

        * punctuate bibitems;

        * shorten page numbers;

        * change fonts for different elements;

        * remove dots from author's firstnames/initials etc.

With a single press of button, BibTeX will handle all these. The punctuations, font change, shortening etc. will be taken care of by the appropriate .bst files which authors are choosing. Without BibTeX authors need to waste lot of time for doing this one-by-one manually.

Consistency in style

Keeping punctuation/fonts etc.consistent for each bibitem is a very difficult task without BibTeX. Authors need to check each and every bibitems manually for consistency.

Less head-ache in proof-reading

As a high level of automation is possible for the typesetters to create the so complex XML format from the Bib database file, the conversion will mostly be error-free. When the authors get the proofs back, their headache in proof-reading the references will be less.

Speed

As the typesetters do the conversion very quickly without waste of time using automated process, it will speed-up the publication process of your paper considerably.

The following examples of 3 Bib database entries (entries in .bib file), their equivalent Model-1 type of reference LaTeX entry when BibTeX is run on .bib file (.bbl file) and its final XML-tagging will help you to understand the above facts very clearly:

.bib file

<geshi lang="latex"> @ARTICLE{vanderGeeretal2000,

 author  = {van der Geer, J. and Hanraads, J. A. J. and Lupton, R. A.},
 title   = {The art of writing a scientific article},
 journal = {J. Sci. Commun.}, 
 volume  = {163},
 year    = {2000},
 pages   = {51-59}

}

@BOOK{StrunkWhite1979,

 author  = {Strunk Jr., W. and White, E. B.},
 title   = {The Elements of Style},
 edition = {3rd ed.},
 address = {New York, NY},
 publisher = {Macmillan},
 year    = {1979}

}

@INCOLLECTION{MettamAdams1999,

 author  = {Mettam, G. R. and Adams, L. B.},
 title   = {How to prepare an electronic version of your article},
 editor  = {Jones, B. S. and Smith, R. Z.},
 booktitle = {Introduction to the Electronic Age},
 address = {New York, NY},
 publisher = {E-Publishing Inc.},
 year    = {1999},
 pages   = {281-304}

} </geshi>

.bbl file

<geshi lang="latex"> %Type = Article \bibitem[{van~der Geer et~al.(2000)van~der Geer, Hanraads, and Lupton}]{vanderGeeretal2000}

 \bibinfo{author}{J.~van~der Geer}, 
 \bibinfo{author}{J.~A.~J. Hanraads},
 \bibinfo{author}{R.~A. Lupton},

\newblock

 \bibinfo{title}{The art of writing a scientific article},

\newblock

 \bibinfo{journal}{J. Sci. Commun.} 
 \bibinfo{volume}{163}
 (\bibinfo{year}{2000}) 
 \bibinfo{pages}{51--59}.

%Type = Book \bibitem[{Strunk~Jr. and White(1979)}]{StrunkWhite1979}

 \bibinfo{author}{W.~Strunk~Jr.}, 
 \bibinfo{author}{E.~B. White},
 \bibinfo{title}{The Elements of Style}, 
 \bibinfo{publisher}{Macmillan},
 \bibinfo{address}{New York, NY}, 
 \bibinfo{edition}{3rd ed.} edition,
 \bibinfo{year}{1979}.

%Type = Incollection \bibitem[{Mettam and Adams(1999)}]{MettamAdams1999}

 \bibinfo{author}{G.~R. Mettam}, 
 \bibinfo{author}{L.~B. Adams},

\newblock

 \bibinfo{title}{How to prepare an electronic version of your article},

\newblock

 in: \bibinfo{editor}{B.~S. Jones}, 
 \bibinfo{editor}{R.~Z. Smith} (Eds.), 
 \bibinfo{booktitle}{Introduction to the Electronic Age},
 \bibinfo{publisher}{E-Publishing Inc.}, 
 \bibinfo{address}{New York, NY},
 \bibinfo{year}{1999}, 
 pp. \bibinfo{pages}{281--304}.

</geshi>

.xml file

<geshi lang="xml"> <ce:bib-reference id="b1">

  <ce:label>[1]</ce:label>
  <sb:reference>
     <sb:contribution langtype="en">
        <sb:authors>
           <sb:author>
              <ce:given-name>J.</ce:given-name>
              <ce:surname>van der Geer</ce:surname>
           </sb:author>
           <sb:author>
              <ce:given-name>J.A.J.</ce:given-name>
              <ce:surname>Hanraads</ce:surname>
           </sb:author>
           <sb:author>
              <ce:given-name>R.A.</ce:given-name>
              <ce:surname>Lupton</ce:surname>
           </sb:author>
        </sb:authors>
        <sb:title>
           <sb:maintitle>The art of writing a scientific 
                         article</sb:maintitle>
        </sb:title>
     </sb:contribution>
     <sb:host>
        <sb:issue>
           <sb:series>
              <sb:title>
                 <sb:maintitle>J. Sci. Commun.</sb:maintitle>
              </sb:title>
              <sb:volume-nr>163</sb:volume-nr>
           </sb:series>
           <sb:date>2000</sb:date>
        </sb:issue>
        <sb:pages>
           <sb:first-page>51</sb:first-page>
           <sb:last-page>59</sb:last-page>
        </sb:pages>
     </sb:host>
  </sb:reference>

</ce:bib-reference>

<ce:bib-reference id="b2">

  <ce:label>[2]</ce:label>
  <sb:reference>
     <sb:contribution langtype="en">
        <sb:authors>
           <sb:author>
              <ce:given-name>W.</ce:given-name>
              <ce:surname>Strunk</ce:surname>
              <ce:suffix>Jr.</ce:suffix>
           </sb:author>
           <sb:author>
              <ce:given-name>E.B.</ce:given-name>
              <ce:surname>White</ce:surname>
           </sb:author>
        </sb:authors>
        <sb:title>
           <sb:maintitle>The Elements of Style</sb:maintitle>
        </sb:title>
     </sb:contribution>
     <sb:host>
        <sb:book>
           <sb:edition>third ed.</sb:edition>
           <sb:date>1979</sb:date>
           <sb:publisher>
              <sb:name>Macmillan</sb:name>
              <sb:location>New York</sb:location>
           </sb:publisher>
        </sb:book>
     </sb:host>
  </sb:reference>

</ce:bib-reference>

<ce:bib-reference id="b3">

  <ce:label>[3]</ce:label>
  <sb:reference>
     <sb:contribution langtype="en">
        <sb:authors>
           <sb:author>
              <ce:given-name>G.R.</ce:given-name>
              <ce:surname>Mettam</ce:surname>
           </sb:author>
           <sb:author>
              <ce:given-name>L.B.</ce:given-name>
              <ce:surname>Adams</ce:surname>
           </sb:author>
        </sb:authors>
        <sb:title>
           <sb:maintitle>How to prepare an electronic version 
                         of your article</sb:maintitle>
        </sb:title>
     </sb:contribution>
     <sb:host>
        <sb:edited-book>
           <sb:editors>
              <sb:editor>
                 <ce:given-name>B.S.</ce:given-name>
                 <ce:surname>Jones</ce:surname>
              </sb:editor>
              <sb:editor>
                 <ce:given-name>R.Z.</ce:given-name>
                 <ce:surname>Smith</ce:surname>
              </sb:editor>
           </sb:editors>
           <sb:title>
              <sb:maintitle>Introduction to the 
                            Electronic Age</sb:maintitle>
           </sb:title>
           <sb:date>1999</sb:date>
           <sb:publisher>
              <sb:name>E-Publishing Inc.</sb:name>
              <sb:location>New York</sb:location>
           </sb:publisher>
        </sb:edited-book>
        <sb:pages>
           <sb:first-page>281</sb:first-page>
           <sb:last-page>304</sb:last-page>
        </sb:pages>
     </sb:host>
  </sb:reference>

</ce:bib-reference> </geshi>